January: Awareness Month
Cervical Cancer:
A Preventable & Treatable
Disease
Cause
Most cervical cancers are caused by persistent infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV).
The 3 Pillars of Cervical Cancer Prevention & Care
HPV Vaccination (Primary Prevention)
- Prevents infection with high-risk HPV types
- Safe and effective
- Recommended for girls and boys, ideally before sexual activity but every young adult is eligible
Cervical Screening (Secondary Prevention)
- Pap smear and HPV testing
- Detects abnormal cells before cancer develops
- Required even after vaccination
Appropriate Treatment
- Precancerous lesions are easily treated
- Early-stage cervical cancer is highly curable
- Treatment is adapted to stage, age, and fertility wishes
When should you get checked?
Ages 25–65
HPV test every 3-5 years (or a Pap/HPV co-test).
Over 65
Consult with your doctor to see if continued screening is necessary.
Warning Signs – When to See a Doctor
- Bleeding after sexual intercourse (post-coital bleeding)
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding
- Unusual vaginal discharge
- Pelvic pain (less common)
Post-coital bleeding is the most frequent warning symptom and should never be ignored.
Vaccinate • Screen • Treat Early
Cervical cancer can be prevented and cured when detected early.
Myths and Facts
Myth: Cervical cancer cannot be prevented.
Fact: Most cervical cancers can be prevented through HPV vaccination and regular screening.
Myth: I feel well, so I do not need screening.
Fact: Cervical cancer often has no symptoms in early stages.
Myth: Vaccinated women do not need screening.
Fact: Screening is still essential even after HPV vaccination.
Myth: Bleeding after sex is normal.
Fact: Post-coital bleeding is the most common warning sign of cervical cancer and requires medical evaluation.
Myth: Cervical cancer is always fatal.
Fact: When detected early, cervical cancer is highly curable.